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type of traumatic brain injury (or TBI) caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or by a hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth.a brain bruise.loud sound heard from far away.
Only when playing full contact sports.Only when the individual who was hit or jolted loses consciousness.In any organized or unorganized recreational sport or activity and most occur without loss of consciousness.
By looking at CT or MRI scans of an individual’s brain.By watching for different types of signs or symptoms, such as a change in the athlete’s behavior, thinking, or physical functioning.Asking an athlete if they had their “bell rung” in the last hit.
The athlete appears stunned, is unsure of the game, score, or opponent, is confused about their assignment or position, and is answering questions slowly.The athlete follows the rules for safety and the rules of the sport, practices good sportsmanship, and uses the proper equipment for the sport.The athlete looks pale, their tongue is white, and after gently pinching the skin, it does not immediately snap back into place.
The athlete complains of shoulder pain that radiates down the arm to a tingling feeling in the fingers.The athlete feels weak, tired, and has stopped sweating.The athlete states the lights hurt their eyes, they feel confused, “not right”, and complains of an odd headache with “pressure” in their head.
are more likely to sustain another concussion, especially if the first concussion has not had time to heal.will never have another concussion.will not sustain another concussion from a similar blow or jolt.
Immediately rush an athlete to the hospital—even if none of the Danger Signs are present.Allow the athlete to finish out the quarter/period/half, etc. and then take the athlete for a medical examination.Remove the athlete from play and look for signs or symptoms of a concussion—even those that may appear hours later.
The athlete seems slightly off balance, complains of a headache, did not lose consciousness, but just “isn’t feeling right.”The athlete lost consciousness, has slightly slurred speech, and seems to become increasing more confused and restless.The athlete complains of a headache and appears slightly dazed or stunned.
As soon as they are feeling better.After being evaluated by a health care professional.After being cleared by a health care professional and after a five step process in which the athlete’s activity level is slowly increased over a period of days, weeks, or months depending on the athlete’s response to the increasingly challenging activities.
The evening of the event or the following day.Immediately following the game or practice—before allowing the child to go home. Information should be given to the parents regarding the signs and symptoms of concussion, encouragement to see a health care rofessional, and follow-up with parents regarding the status of the athlete.Before the next game/match/event so as to make sure the child is cleared for play
By ensuring that all athletes wear properly fitted gear, play with good sportsmanship at all times, and obey the rules of safety.By working with parents, athletes, and school and club administrators to spread awareness about concussions all year: pre-season, during the season, and post season.Both A and B.
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